HOUSTON — Researchers are reporting an increase in sightings of the invasive Australian white-spotted jellyfish along the Texas Gulf Coast, warning that while its sting is relatively mild, the species can harm local marine ecosystems and the shrimping industry.
Jace Tunnell, director of community engagement at the Harte Research Institute, said he has found about a dozen Australian white-spotted jellyfish during beach surveys over the past two weeks.
The species is recognizable by the bright white spots on its bell and its broccoli-like oral arms. Tunnell said the jellyfish vary in color, appearing blue, brown or nearly transparent, and can grow to impressive sizes. One specimen he recently observed had a bell measuring about 14 inches across.
Researchers classify the Australian white-spotted jellyfish as an invasive species because it feeds on plankton, competing with native marine organisms for food. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, the species has also affected Gulf Coast shrimp fisheries by clogging nets and damaging fishing gear.
Tunnell said the jellyfish are native to the western Pacific Ocean and likely reached the Gulf of Mexico through ballast water discharged by cargo ships. Once introduced, ocean currents allowed juvenile jellyfish to spread throughout Gulf waters.
The species was first reported in the Gulf in the early 2000s and has since become established.
Although the jellyfish are more common during the warmer summer months, Tunnell said they are now found along much of the Texas coastline, including areas near Galveston.
While their sting is generally not considered severe, Tunnell advised beachgoers to avoid handling any jellyfish they cannot confidently identify.
“If you’re not 100% sure, just take photos, look at it and then just leave it alone,” he said.
